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In the last few decades Amman, the capital city of Jordan, has witnessed tremendous growth in both area and population, and this has greatly affected the internal structure of the city. The purpose of this study was ti investigate the social ecological structure of the city by examining the spatial variations of certain socioeconomic and housing characteristics. Fifty one variables were chosen from the 1979 census  for each within the city, and a principal component analysis was applied, the result being the factor loading and score matrices for six factors. These were depicted on maps to show the spatial patterns of these derived factors. Each factor was found to be  correlated with certain variables. It is concluded that the social ecology of Amman can be explained with reference to certain factors related to economic and housing characteristics, in addition to others reflecting occupational and demographic differences.