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This paper deals with the crisis that Arab social thought is Courtney witnessing, particularly the need to formulate an Arab Sociology. The authors contend that such a task can only take place when Western social sciences are understood within the context of the historical development of Western capitalism, and the influence that capitalism had on social structures in the West at the end of the 19^th century. Through such an analysis the authors confirmed not only that the social structures producing contemporary Western social thought are totally different from the ones existing in the Arab world, but that these structures have complete hegemony and control over Arab social and economic structures. Thus, it is concluded that Arab social thought needs to achieve national emancipation, which is only possible through a radical transformation of the structure of present productive relations.