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Defying all the nature’s shortcomings, the Saudi government embarked upon a multi-pronged program to become self-sufficient in wheat production. This program was instrumental in turning the Kingdom’s position around from a major wheat important to a world class wheat exporter.

However, the rapid growth of wheat production has created some adverse effects such as rapid depletion of non-renewable water supplies, imbalanced agricultural production and spatial concentration of agricultural in centavos. This paper describes the development of wheat and examines the factors that influence its’ rapid growth. The paper also discusses the problems associated with the steep rise in wheat output and proposes a set of policy options to make wheat production more efficient.